Securities valuation is the process of determining the market value of financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, derivatives, investment funds, and other securities, which is carried out to assess their investment attractiveness and potential returns to investors.

The valuation of securities can be carried out using various methods, including:

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  The Discounted Cash Flow Method (DCF) is used to assess the value of shares or companies based on cash flow forecasts that can be generated in the future.

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  The comparable companies method is based on the analysis of similar companies or securities in the market to determine the adequate market value of a security.

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  The asset valuation method is conducted based on the value of the company's assets, liabilities, and cash to determine its value.

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  The return estimation method is based on assessing the expected return on investments in securities.

Securities valuation is an important tool for investors, financial analysts, financial institutions, and companies interested in buying, selling, or managing an investment portfolio.

Correct valuation of securities helps to make sound investment decisions and minimize financial risks.